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Heaney, H.; Christie, S., Science of Synthesis, (2004) 3, 467.
Alkenyl perfluoroalkanesulfonic esters, including alkenyltrifluoromethanesulfonates, were first reported in 1969.[1017,1018] There are several procedures that can be used to prepare alkenyl trifluoromethanesulfonates (alkenyl triflates), for example by reactions of trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride with enolates or with enolizable aldehydes and ketones, and as a result they have been widely used in organic synthesis.[1019] The first report of copper(I)/palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions involving the preparation of conjugated enynes involved reactions of alkynes with steroidal alkenyl triflates.[1020] A series of experiments using 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-ol and 19-nor-17β-acetoxy-3-(trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy)androsta-3,5-diene, using diethylamine as the base, showed that both a palladium catalyst and a copper(I) salt are necessary if the reaction is to proceed at room temperature. The alkenyl triflate is recovered almost quantitatively when the reaction is attempted with palladium or copper(I) catalysts alone. Apart from any difficulties that might be encountered in preparing alkenyl triflates, the method, illustrated in Scheme 217, is tolerant of a wide variety of functional groups.
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeee ee 88β-Meeeeee-8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee]eeeeeeee-8,8-eeeee[8888]
Mee eeeeee eee eeee eeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeee[e]eeeee eeeeeeeeeee,[888] ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee-8-eeeee eeee,[8888] ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee 8α,88-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee M8,[8888] eee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee-M,M-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eee eee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee-8-ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee, M-eee-8,88-eeeeeeeeeeee-8(88),8-eeee-8-eee, eee eeeeeeee ee 88% eeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee, eeeeee(M) eeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[8888]
Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee 8.8.8.8.8. Meeeeee eeeeee/eeeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee.[888] Meeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeee-8-eeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee 8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee. Me eee eeeeeee eeeee ee Meeeee 888 eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee 88% eeeee.[8888] Meeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee 8.8.8.8, eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee ee 8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee]eeeeeeeeeeee eee 8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee]eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee 8-eeee-eeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeee 888.[888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeee ee e Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeee-8,8-eeee-88-eee[8888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee ee [(8-Meeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee]eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee 8-eeee-Meeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[888]
Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee e eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeee eeeeeeee.[8888,8888] Mee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, 8-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eee, eee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (e.e., ee eeee 88 ee eeeee ee Meeeee 888), eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee ee 8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee Meeee 8-(Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee[8888]
Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee e eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee 8-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee-8-eee, eeeee eee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee (−)-eeeeeeeeeeeee M, eeeee ee Meeeee 888. Mee eeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeee-8-ee-8-eee ee 88% eeeee, ee eeeee ee Meeeee 888.[888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeee ee 8-Meeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee-8-eee[888]
Meeeeeee ee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee. Meee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eeee eeee, eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeeeeee–Meeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee 8.8.8.8.8. Me eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eee ee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee. Me eeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[8888] eee eeeeeeee e eeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[8888] 8-Meeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-ee-8-eee eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee e eeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-eeeee.[8888] Meee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeee ee eeeee ee eeeee ee Meeeee 888.[8888,8888] 8-Meeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee, eeeeee(M) eeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeee ee eeeee ee eeee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeee, 8,88-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8,8,88,88-eeeeeeee,[8888,8888] eeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeee 8-eeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee-8-eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee(M) eeeeee–M,M,M′,M′-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee–eeeeeeee eeeeeeee.[888] Mee eee ee 8-eeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, ee eee eeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee ee. 8.8 ee,[8888] eee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee.[8888,8888] Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee Meeeee 888 (eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee) eeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee–eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[8888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee [8-(Meeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee]eeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeee[8888,8888]
Me eeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee 8.8.8.8.8, eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee/eeeeee(M)-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eeee eeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[8888] Mee eeee eee eeee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeee MMM eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee ee eee ee eee Meeee–Meeee eeeeeee[8888,8888] ee eeee eeeeeee-α,eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee, eee eeeeeee, eeee-eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee.[8888]
Meee eeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[8888] Mee eeeeeee, eeeee 8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeee ee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee 88% eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee, eeeeee(M) eeeeee, eee 8,8-eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee e eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee–eeeeee MMM eeeeeeee eeeeeeee.[8888,8888] Meee eee eeeeee M-eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee M eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee e eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee M/M eeeee ee 8.8:8.8, eee eeeee 8-(eeee-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eee eee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee 8:8.[8888] Me eee eeeeeeee eeeee ee Meeeee 888 eee eeeee eeeeeee ee eee M-eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee, eee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eee M-eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee e eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee M-eeeeeeeeeeee.[8888,8888] Mee eeee eeeee eeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee 8-[8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee (8M,8M)-8-[(8M)-(8,8-eeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeee-8-ee)]eee-8-eee-8,8-eeee eee eeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee (8M,8M)-8-[(8M)-(8,8-eeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeee-8-ee)]eeee-8-eee-8,8,8-eeeee.[8888]
Meeeee 888 Meee ee e Meeeeeeee ee eee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee[8888,8888]
Mee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eeee eeee eeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. 8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee M-eee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) ee e eee-eeee eeeeeee ee eeeee eee (M)-eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee-eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee −88°M eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeee eee M-eeee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee). Meeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eee eee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee M-eeee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee M,M-eee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee.
Meeeeeeee eeeee 8.8 eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeee eeee 88 eee% ee eeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee eee 88 eee% ee eeeeee(M) eeeeee, ee e 8:8 eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eee eee(eeeeeee) eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee ee eee eeeee 88–88%, ee eeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeee 888.[8888] Meeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee.[8888,8888] Me ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee, eee e eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee e 8:8 eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee, 8-[8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeee eeee eee eeeeeee ee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eee(eeeeeeee) eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eee M-eee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eeeeeee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee 8.8 eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee 8 eee% ee eeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee eee 88 eee% ee eeeeee(M) eeeeee, ee e 8:8 eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee, eeee 8-eeeeeeeee-8-ee-8-ee (8.8 eeeee, 88%) ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88 eeeee, 88%).[8888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee ee 8-Meeeeeeee-8-ee-8-ee eeee (M)-8-[(Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeee]eeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[8888]
Me eee eeeee eeee, ee eeee eee M-eee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee), eeeeeeeeeee ee eee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee M-eee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee. Meeeeeeeee, e eeeeeeee ee M-eee(eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eeee 8-(eeee-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeee-8-eee eeee, eeeee e eee eeeeeee, 88% ee eeeeeeeeeee e eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee. M eeee eeeeeeee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee (M)-8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee.[8888] Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee (M)-8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeee. Meeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeee eeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee ee eeee eeee eee eee(eeeeeeeeeee) eeeeeeee 88, eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 888).[8888] Meee eeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee e eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee 8–88[8888] eee 8–88[8888] eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee. M eeeee-8–88 eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee e eeeee.[8888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeee ee (M)-8-[8-(8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeeeeeeee]-8-[8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eee[8888]
Mee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee (M)-8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee eeeee eeee. Meeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeee-eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee ee eee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Me eeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee (M)-8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee.[8888] Mee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee, ee eeeee ee Meeeee 888, eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeee.[8888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee (M)-8-[(Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeee-8-eeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[8888]
Meeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (ee 88% eeeee) eee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee (ee 88% eeeee) eeee e eeeeeeeee ee e eeeee-8–88 eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[8888] Meeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eee eee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee 8–88 eee e 8–88 eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee,[8888] eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee ee 8–88[8888] eee 8–88[8888] eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee e eee-eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee. Meeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee/eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[8888] Mee eeeeeeeee, eeeee ee Meeeee 888, eeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeee eee e eeeeeeeee eeeeee.[8888]
Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee eee Meeeeeeee ee e 8–88 Meee Meeee ee eee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee[8888]
Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee
Meeee 8-[(8,8′-Meeeeeee)-8-eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (88); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[8888]
MeM (88.8 ee, 8.8 eeee) eee eeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeee 8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee (888 ee, 8.8 eeee), 8-eeeeeee-8,8′-eeeeeeee (888 ee, 8.8 eeee), MeMe8(MMe8)8 (88.8 ee, 8.88 eeee) eee 8,8-eeeeeeee (888 ee, 8.8 eeee) ee eeeee MMM (8 eM). Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee 8 e eeeee M8, eeeeeee eeee eee. ee MM8Me, eee eeeeeeeee eeee MeMMe. Mee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee eeeee, eeeee (MeMM8), eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee. Mee eeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeee ee e eeeeee (eeeeee eee, MeMMe/eeeeeeeee eeeee 8:88) ee eeee 88 ee e eeeeee eeeee; eeeee: 888 ee (88%).
(M)-8-[8-(8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeeeeeeee]-8-[8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eee (88); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[8888]
(M)-8-[8-(8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee:[8888]
MeMe8(MMe8)8 (88.8 ee, 8.888 eeee, 8.88 eeeee), MeM (88.8 ee, 8.888 eeee, 8.88 eeeee), eee eMe8MM (8.8 eM) eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee ee ee (M)-8-[(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (888 ee, 8.88 eeee) eee 8-(eeee-8-eeeeeee)eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (888 ee, 8.88 eeee, 8.8 eeeee) ee MMM (88 eM). Meeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee 88 eee, MMMM≡MM (88 μM, 8.888 eeee, 8.8 eeeee) eee eeeee. Meeee e eeeeeee 8 e eee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee eee. ee MeMe eee eee eeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee Me8M eee eeeee (Me8MM8 eee eeeeeeee). Meeeeeeeee eeeeeee e eee ee Meeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (8 ee, 88 eM, eeeeeee, Me8M/eeeeeee 8:8) eeee ee eeeeeeeee 88–88 (M)-8-[8-(8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee; eeeee: 888 ee (88%).
(M)-8-[8-(8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeeeeeeee]-8-[8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eee (88):[8888]
MeMe8(MMe8)8 (88.8 ee, 8.888 eeee, 8.88 eeeee), MeM (88.8 ee, 8.888 eeee, 8.8 eeeee), eee eMe8MM (8 eM) eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee ee ee (M)-8-[8-(8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eee-8-eeeeeeeee]eeeeeeeee-8-eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88.8 ee, 8.888 eeee) eee MMMM≡MM (88.8 μM, 8.888 eeee, 8.8 eeeee) ee MMM (8 eM). Meeee 8.8 e eee eeeeeee eee eeeee ee eee. ee MeMe eee eeeeeeeee eeee Me8M. Meeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (8 ee, 88 eM, Me8M/eeeeeee 8:88 ee 8:8) eeee, ee eeeeeeeee 8–8, 88; eeeee: 88.8 ee (88%).
References
[605] | Mee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[612] | Meeeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeee, M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[674] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[692] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Mee Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[932] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeeee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1017] | Meeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1018] | Meeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1019] | Meeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M. M., Meeeeeeee, (8888), 88. |
[1020] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeee, M., Meeeeeeee, (8888), 888. |
[1021] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeee, (8888), 888. |
[1022] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
[1023] | Meee, M. M.; Meee, M.-M.; Meeeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
[1024] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeee, (8888), 88. |
[1025] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1026] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeee, M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
[1027] | Meeee, M. M.; Meee, M. M., Meeeeeeee, (8888), 888. |
[1028] | Meeeeeeee, M. M.; Meee, M., Meeeeee, (8888), 8888. |
[1029] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M. M., Meeee. Meee., (8888) 888, 8888; Meeee. Meee. Mee. Me., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1030] | Meee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 888. |
[1031] | Meeeeeeee, M. M., Meee. Meeeee. (Meeeeeeee), (8888), 888. |
[1032] | Meeeee, M.; MeMeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
[1033] | Meeeeeee, M.; MeMeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeee, M. M., Mee. Meee., (8888) 8, 8888. |
[1034] | Meeee, M.; Meeee, M.; Meeäeee, M.; Meeee, M.; Meee, M. M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeüeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
[1035] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeee, M. M., Mee. Meee., (8888) 8, 8888. |
[1036] | Meüeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M., Meeeeee, (8888), 888. |
[1037] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1038] | Meeee, M. M.; Mee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
[1039] | Meeeeeeeee, M. M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1040] | Meeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeeeee, (8888), 888. |
[1041] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
[1042] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeee, M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 88888. |
[1043] | Mee, M.-M.; Me, M., Meeeeeeeeee, (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1044] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1045] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee, (8888) 88, 888. |
[1046] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee, (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1047] | Meüeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeeee, M. M.; Meeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1048] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1049] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee, (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1050] | Meeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1051] | Meeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeeee, M. M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1052] | Meeeeeeeee, M. M.; Meeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M., Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 888. |
[1053] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M., M. Meee. Mee., Meee. Meeeee., (8888), 888. |
[1054] | Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeee Mee. Meee., (8888), 888. |
[1055] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1056] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[1057] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeee Mee. Meee., (8888), 888. |
[1058] | Meeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeee Mee./Meee., (8888), 888. |
[1059] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeeeee Mee./Meee., (8888), 888. |
[1060] | Meeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M., Mee M. Meee., (8888), 888. |
[1061] | Meeeeeee, M.; Meüeeeee, M., Meeee. Meee., (8888) 888, 8888; Meeee. Meee. Mee. Me. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |