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7.5.2.2 Method 2: Reaction of Beryllium with Alkyl Halides

DOI: 10.1055/sos-SD-007-00419

Yasuda, H.Science of Synthesis, (20047492.

Methylberyllium iodide is obtained by heating beryllium metal with a trace amount of mercury(II) chloride and a large excess of iodomethane in the absence of diethyl ether solvent.[‌34‌] Beryllium metal also reacts with various alkyl halides in the absence of diethyl ether and mercury(II) chloride.[‌35‌] The products, alkylberyllium halides, are insoluble in the alkyl halides in which they are formed, presumably due to their polymeric structure. It has been shown that methylberyllium bromide and phenylberyllium chloride are completely monomeric in diethyl ether.[‌36‌] tert-Butylberyllium chloridediethyl ether complex has been shown to be dimeric in benzene, but the chloride bridges are cleaved when the compound is dissolved in diethyl ether.[‌37‌] The N,N,N,N-tetramethylethylenediamine complexes of ethyl- and neopentylberyllium chloride are monomeric in benzene. In contrast, the addition of trimethylamine to a benzene/diethyl ether solution of neopentylberyllium bromide results in disproportionation and precipitation of beryllium bromidetrimethylamine. The constitution of the monomeric species is further supported by the fact that MeN 1H NMR resonances are not equivalent at room temperature, but coalesce as the temperature increases.[‌38‌]

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