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8.2.11.1.1 Variation 1: Monometalation of Alkylarenes

DOI: 10.1055/sos-SD-008-01028

Mordini, A.; Valacchi, M.Science of Synthesis, (200681227.

Toluene is instantaneously metalated by pentylsodium[‌3‌] or other organosodium reagents[‌3‌‌7‌] at the benzylic position, although some contamination by the ring-metalated product has been observed.[‌8‌] Phenylsodium also undergoes reaction with toluene to give benzylsodium (1) (Scheme 1),[‌9‌] but under reflux and with longer reaction times, whereas the reactions with diphenyl- and triphenylmethane occur even at room temperature.[‌10‌] Predominant α-metalation is observed when ethylbenzene is treated with pentylsodium, but only in low yields and with poor selectivity.[‌11‌,‌12‌] The addition of N,N,N,N-tetramethylethylenediamine greatly enhances the metalating power of pentylsodium just as it does with organolithium compounds. This reagent combination performs efficient monometalation of ethylbenzene (95% yield)[‌13‌] and cumene (up to 98% yield).[‌14‌]

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