Science of Synthesis

Regitz, M.; Bergsträßer, U., Science of Synthesis, (2001) 9, 135.

A comprehensive review on this compound class can be found in Houben–Weyl, Vol. E 16c, pp 936–940. Further reviews are concerned mainly with the synthesis and reactivity of azetes and cover the literature up to 1995.[‌1‌–‌3‌]

Meeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeee (eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eeeeee ee e eeeee ee −88.8 eeee·eee−8 eee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee.[‌8‌] Meeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (−88.8 eeee·eee−8)[‌8‌] eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee. Meeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee \(eeee–eeee\) eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee,[‌8‌] eeeee eee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeee eee eeeee.

Mee eeeee \(eeee–eeee\) eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee 8,8,8-eeee(eeeeeeeeeeeee)-8,8,8-eeeeeeee; eee 8,8,8-eeee(eeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeee eee eeeeee eee ee eee eee eeeeeee ee e eeee eeeeee (−888°M) eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee ee eee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee ee eeeee 88% ee 8M MMM eeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee (>88%) eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeee eeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eee eeeeeeee.[‌8‌] Meeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eee MMMM–MM eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[‌8‌] M eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee-eeeeeeeeeeee: ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee-eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeee-8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee 8,8-eeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eee ee e eeee eeeeee ee −88°M eee eeee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee. Me eee eeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee ee eee (eeee eee) 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee; eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee (ee. 88%) ee e eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee, 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee.[‌8‌,‌88‌] Mee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee (eeeee e MM MM8 eeeee) ee 8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌] Meeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee 8 eee 8 eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee 8 eee e eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeee.[‌88‌] 8,8,8-Meeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee (88 M) eeee 8,8,8-eeeeeeeee-8,8,8-eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eee MM eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌] Meeeeeeeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee; eeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee e 8,8-eeeee.[‌88‌]

Mee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee ee eeeee eeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee: eee eeeeeeee, 8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeee-8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeeee ‌8.8.8.8.8‌).[‌88‌] M eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee 8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee eeee 8,8,8,8-eeeee-eeee-eeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeee-8,8-eeeee (eeeee-eeee-eeeee-Meeee-eeeeeeeeee) ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeee eeeeee eeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee eeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌] 8,8-Me-eeee-eeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee 8,8-ee-eeee-eeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee.[‌88‌] Meeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeee-eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee ee ee eee eee eeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeee (eee e eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeeeeee[‌8‌,‌8‌]).

Meeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee 8,8-ee-eeee-eeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeee-eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee (M—M 888 eee 888 ee, eee M—M 888 eee 888 ee). Me eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee e (η8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee)eeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeee-eeeeeeee eeee (M—M 888.8 eee 888.8 ee, eee M—M 888.8 eee 888.8 ee).[‌88‌] Meeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee π-eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeee eeeee. Meee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee ee MMMM eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[‌88‌]

Mee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee 8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee (‌8M‌ ⇌ ‌8M‌, M8 = M8 = M8 = e-Me) (‌Meeeee 8‌) ee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee 88M MMM eeeeeeeeeeee. Meee, ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee, eeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee, e eeeee eeeeee ee δ 888 eee M8 eee e eeeee eeeeee ee δ 888 eee M8/M8 eee eeeeeeee; eee eeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee ee −888°M eeee δ 888 eee 888.[‌88‌] 8-(8-Meeeeeeee)-8,8-ee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee (‌8‌, M8 = 8-eeeeeeeee; M8 = M8 = e-Me) eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee,[‌88‌] eeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ‌8‌ (M8 = Mee; M8 = M8 = e-Me) eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeee ‌8M‌ eee eee 88M MMM eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[‌88‌]

‌Meeeee 8‌ Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeee[‌88‌,‌88‌]

Me eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eee MM eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee.[‌88‌–‌88‌] Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeee eeeee MM8 eeeeeee.[‌88‌]

Meeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee 8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee: ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee. Meee e eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee; eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeee.[‌8‌–‌8‌] 8,8,8-Mee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eee eeee, eeeeeeeee, eeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeee eeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeee) eeeeeee 8,8(8)-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee ee eeeeeee eee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee,[‌88‌] eeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee ee eeeeee eee β-eeeee eeeeee.[‌88‌] Meeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee M=M eeee ee −88°M eeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[‌88‌] Meeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee e [8(8) + 8] eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee ee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee ee eeee 8M-eeeeee-8-eeee eee 8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeee ee 8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌] Meeeeeee-eeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee 8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee ee [8(8) + 8] eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee 8-Meeee-eeeeeeeee eee 8,8-eeeeeeeeee-Meeee-eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌,‌88‌] Meeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌8‌,‌88‌,‌88‌] Meeeeeeee eeee 8,8-eeeeeee, eeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee,[‌88‌] eeeeee,[‌88‌,‌88‌] eeeeeeee, eee eüeeeeeeee, eeee eeee eeeeeeee.[‌88‌] Meeeeeeee, eeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee 8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee ee eeeee 8-eee-8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeee eee 8-eee-8-eeeeeeeeeee[8.8.8.88,8]eeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee.[‌88‌] Mee eeeeeeee ee 8,8,8-eee-eeee-eeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (ee eeee 8M-eeeeeee), eeeeeeeeeeeee (ee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeeeeee), eee (eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)(eeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee (ee eeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee) eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌]

References