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10.13.1.5.2.4 Method 4: Giving C-Carbon Indoles

DOI: 10.1055/sos-SD-010-00559

Joule, J. A.Science of Synthesis, (200110582.

Heterocyclic ring methyl groups can be halogenated via the free-radical mechanism usual for alkylarenes, provided the nitrogen is protected with a methoxycarbonyl, benzoyl, phenylsulfonyl, or tert-butoxycarbonyl substituent.[‌554‌,‌615‌,‌1137‌,‌1138‌] Without the electron-withdrawing N-substituent it is not possible cleanly to prepare or use (chloroalkyl)indoles in nucleophilic displacement reactions.[‌1139‌] Such indolylic halides behave as normal benzylic halides, being easily displaced by nucleophiles or undergoing dehydrobromination producing the corresponding vinylindole.[‌1140‌] Alkylation of homochiral 2,5-diethoxy-3,6-dihydropiperazines with 3-(bromomethyl)-1H-indoles allows synthesis of enantiomerically pure tryptophans.[‌1141‌]

Meeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee 8- eee 8-eeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeee,[‌8888‌] eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeee[‌8888‌] ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee 8,8-eeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee 8888 ee 8888 ee Meeeee 888.[‌8888‌,‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeee 8-Meeeeeeee eeee 8,8-Meeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee[‌8888‌,‌8888‌]

Meeeeeeee ee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee 8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 8888 eeee eeeee 8-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeee eeeeeeeeeee; Meeeee 888 eeeeeeeeeee, eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee 8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeeeeee (8888) eeee eeeeee 8888.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeee 8-Meeeeeeee eeee 8,8,8,8-Meeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌8888‌]

Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeee eeeee ee e 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeeee: eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌8888‌] ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee 8888 eeee 8888 (Meeeee 888).[‌8888‌] Meeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeee-8-eeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee(MM) eeeee eeeee eee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeee 8-Meeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee[‌8888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeee eeeee ee 8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee, 8,8,8-eeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee (8888), eeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee 8888 ee eee eeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeeeeee, eeeeee 8888 eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeeee ee eeeee ee Meeeee 888. Meeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeee β-eeeeee (eeeeee ee 8888) eeeee eeee 8888 eee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee, ee eeeeeeee eeeeeee 8888.

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeee eee Meeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeee ee ee Meeeee 8-Meeee Meeee

Meeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee e Meeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee [eeeeee M,M,8,8-eeeeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee (8888) ee Meeeee 888][‌8888‌] eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌8888‌] ee 8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeee ee Meeeee 888, eeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeeee.

Meeeee 888 Meeeeee Meeeeeee ee ee Meeeee 8-Meeeee[‌8888‌]

Meee-eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeee eee e 8-eeeeeeeeeee, eeeee eeeeeeee eee e 8-eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeee M-eeeeeeee/eeeeeeeeee eeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌,‌8888‌,‌8888‌] eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee M-eeeeeeeeee/eeeeeeee eeeee e eeeee eeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee-eeeeeeee.[‌8888‌‌8888‌]

M,M-Meeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeee) eee, eeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeee (eee Meeeeee 88.88.8.8.8.8.8.8.8) eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee (ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeee ee e eeeeeee eeeee-eeee) ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee; eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee,[‌88‌] eee eee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee,[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] eeeeeeeeeeee,[‌8888‌] eee 8-eeeee eeeeee[‌8888‌‌8888‌] eee eeeeeee. Mee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee (eeeeeeee) eeeee eeeeeeee eee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eee ee eee ee ee eeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeee,[‌8888‌] eee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee e 8-eeeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee 8888 eeee 8888, eeeee eeee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee ee 8888), eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee 8888 (Meeeee 888).

Meeeee 888 Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeee-Meee Meeeee 8M-Meeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee[‌88‌]

Meee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee M,M,8-eeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (8-eeeeeeeeeeeee), eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeee-eeeeeee eeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeee.[‌88‌,‌88‌] Me ee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] M eeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee eeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee 8-eeeeeeeee-M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (8888) (eeeeee eeee eee eeee) eeee eeeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee 8888.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeee ee 8-Meeeeeeee-M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee[‌8888‌]

Me e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeeee) eeee e eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee 8888 eee eeee; eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee 8-eeeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee 8888 (Meeeee 888).[‌888‌,‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeee ee M,M-Meeeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee Meeee-Meee[‌888‌,‌8888‌]

Mee eeeeeeee[‌888‌] eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee ee e 8-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee (Meeeeee 88.88.8.8.8.8.8.8.8), eeeeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeee, eee eeeeeee 8888 eeee 8888, eeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee (8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, 8888, Meeeee 888); eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeee.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeee Meeee Meeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeee[‌8888‌]

Meee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee,[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] eeeeeeee,[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee/eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee[‌888‌] eeeeeeeee ee eeeee-8-ee eeeeeeeee (eeeee eee ee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee[‌888‌]) ee ee eee 8-eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eee 8-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[‌8888‌] Meee e eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee; eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee/eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeee ee eeeee ee Meeeee 888 eeeee 8-eeeeee-8M-eeeeee 8888 ee eeeeeee ee 8-eeeee-8M-eeeeee 8888.[‌888‌] Meeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeee 8-eeeeeeee ee, ee eee eeee eeee, ee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee, eeeeee/eeee-eeeeeeeeee/eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee.[‌888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeee ee e 8-Meeeee-8M-eeeeee ee e 8-Meeee-8M-eeeeee[‌888‌]

8M-Meeeee-8-eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌8888‌] Me ee eeeeeee eeee e eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee 8-eeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eee eeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee e β-eee eeee.

8-(Meeeeeeeee)-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee e 8-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee/eeeeee eeeeee.[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] 8M-Meeeee-8-eeeeeeeee eeeee eeee eee(MM) eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeee[e]eeeeeee, eee eeeeeee 8888; eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee ee eeeee eeee eee eeeeeee 8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeee (8888) ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeee ee ee eeeeee ee eeee 8888 eeeee eeee eeeeee (Meeeee 888).[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeee-8-eeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Mee ee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeee[‌8888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee ee 8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee/eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee 8-(8-eeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeeee[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee[‌8888‌] ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee ee 8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee (eeee eeeee) eee M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeeee) ee eeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌]

Mee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee 8- eee 8-eeeee eeee eeeeee eeeee Meeeeeeee'e eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee ee Meeeeee 888[‌888‌,‌888‌] eee 888.[‌888‌] Mee 8-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee 8888 ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee 8888 eeee eeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee 8888, eeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee 8888 eee 8888 eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee, ee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee 8888 eee 8888 eeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee, ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee (eeeeeeeee) eeeee eeeeee, eee eeeee M-eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee, eee eeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeee ee eeeee eeeeee ee eeeee M-eeeeeeeeee ee eeee.

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeeeee ee 8-(Meeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeeeee ee 8-(Meeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeee)-8-eeeeee-8M-eeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee e 8-eeeeeeeeeeee 8888 eeee ee e eeeeeee eeeee eeee ee eeeeee ee ee eee M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeee) eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee, eee ee eeee ee eeeee, ee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee ee M-eeeeeeee; eeeeeeeee ee 8888 eee 8888 eeeeeeeeee eeee (Meeeee 888).[‌888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeee eeee e 8-(Meeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeee)-8-eeeeee-8M-eeeeee[‌888‌]

Meee 8- eee 8-eeeee-8M-eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee eee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eee eeeeee eeeeeee, MeeeeMeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeee.[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] 8-Meeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee- eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee,[‌8888‌] eee eeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeee eeeee, e.e. 8888 eee ee eeee ee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee-eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee (ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee) eeeeeeeee eeeeee 8888 (Meeeee 888).[‌8888‌] Mee eeeeeeee ee e 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee ee 8- ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee.[‌8888‌,‌8888‌] Meeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeee MeeeeMeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee e eeeeeeee eeeee, eeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eee 8-eeeeeeeeeee, eeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 MeeeeMeeee Meeeeeee ee e 8-Meeeeeeeeeeee[‌8888‌]

M eeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeeeee (eeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee), eee eeeeeee 8888 eeee 8888, eeeeeee ee eee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee ee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌8888‌‌8888‌] ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee 8888 ee Meeeee 888.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeeeeeee MeeeeMeeee Meeeeeee ee ee Meeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌8888‌]

8-Meeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee; eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeeee-8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌8888‌] Meeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeeee (8888) eeee 8-eeeeeee-8,8-eee(eeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee (8888) eeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee; ee eee eeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeee 8888 (Meeeee 888)[‌8888‌] eee eeee [88]eeeeeeeee.[‌8888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeeeeeee MeeeeMeeee Meeeeeee ee e 8,8-Meeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeeee[‌8888‌]

8-(eeee-Meeeeeeeeeeeee)-8,8-eeeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeeee (8888) ee eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee 8888, eeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeee) eeee e 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee, eee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eee eeeeeee, 8888 (Meeeee 888).[‌888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeeeeeee MeeeeMeeee Meeeeeee ee e 8,8-Meeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeee ee 8888 eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee eee 8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee) eeeee eeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee. Me ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee e eeee ee eeeee eee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee, eeeeeeeeee e 8,8-eeeeee 8888 eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee 8888, eee eeeeeee, eeee eeee ee eeeeee ee e eeee eeeee (Meeeee 888).[‌888‌]

Meeeee 888 Meeeeeeeeeeeee ee 8-[(Meeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeee]-8M-eeeeeee ee eee Meeeeeee ee Meeeee Meeeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee

Meeeee 8-(Meeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌888‌]

Meeeeeee MMM (8.88e, 88eeee) eee (MeM)8 (88ee) eeee eeeee ee e eeee ee eeeeee 8-eeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (8.88e, 88eeee) ee MMe8 (888eM) eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeee ee 8888°M eee 8e. Meeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeee eeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); ee 888888°M.

8,8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee[e]eeeee-8(8M)-eee; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌8888‌]

Me ee eee-eeee eeee ee 8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[e]eeeeee (888ee, 8eeee) ee e eeeeeee ee MMM (8.8eM) eee M8M (8.8eM), eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee M8 eeeeeee eee eeee eee 88eee, MMM (888ee, 8.8eeee) ee MMM (8eM) eee eeeee eeeeeeee eeee 88eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee M8 eeeeeeeeee. Meeee eeeeeeee eee 8e eeeeee eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeee ee eee eeee, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeee MeMMe (8×88eM) eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee, eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eee, MeMMe) eeee eee eeeeeee; eeeee: 88ee (88%); ee 888888°M.

8,8-Meeeeee-8M-eeeeeeee-8(8M)-eee; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌8888‌]

8,8,8,8-Meeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeeeeee (8.8e, 8.88eeee) eeeeeeeee ee MeMM/M8M (8:8) eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeee ee 8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (8.88e, 8.88eeee) ee eee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeee (88eM). Meeee eeeeeeee eee 8e eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee 888eM, eeee eeeeeee (8.8e) eeeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee eee. Mee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee M8M (8eM) eee eeeeeeeee eeee Me8M (8×88eM), eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeee eee eeeee (Me8MM8) eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeee, MeMMe). Meeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (MeMM) ee eeee eee eeeeeee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); ee 888888°M.

8,8,8,8,88,88,88,88,88,88-Meeeeeeee-8M-eeeeeeeeee[e]eeeee-8-eee (8888, e=8); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌8888‌]

M8M8 (888ee, 8.8eeee) eee eeeee ee e eeeeeee eeee ee 8,8,8,8,88,88,88,88,88,88-eeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeeeeeee[e]eeeeee (888ee, 8.8eeee) ee M8M/MMM (8:8, 88eM) ee ee. Meeee 8e, eee MMM eee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee MeMMe. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee M8M, 8% ee Me8M8M8, eee. ee MeMMM8 eee eeeeeee eeeee, eeeee (Me8MM8) eee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eee) eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eee eeeeeee; eeeee: 888ee (88%); ee 888888°M.

M,M,8,8-Meeeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee (8888); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌8888‌]

88% Me Me8MM (88.8eM, 88eeee), 88% ee eeeeeeee (8.8eM, 88eeee) eee 8,8,8-eeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee (8888; 8.8e, 88eeee) ee MeMM (88eM) eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee ee 88°M eee 8e. M8M (88eM) eee eeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee MeMM eeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeee Me8M eee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Meeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee, e eeeee eee (8.88e) eee eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee 888888°M/8.888Meee ee eeee eee eeeeeee ee ee eee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); ee (eeeeeeeeee) 888888°M.

8-Meeeee-8-eeeeee-8M-eeeeee; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌8888‌]

8,8-Meeeeeee-8M-eeeeee (8.88e, 88.8eeee) ee MMM (88eM) eee eeeeee ee 88°M eeee 8.8M MeMe ee eeeeee (8.8eM) eee eeeee eeeeee eeee 8eee. MM8 eee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee 88°M eee 88eee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee ee 8°M. Mee eeeee eee eeeeee eeee eeeee eee MMM (88eM) eeeee, eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeee M8 eee 8.8M e-MeMe ee eeeeeee (8.8eM) eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeee eeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeee ee 88°M eee 88eee, eeeeeeee ee 88°M eeee 8-eeeeeeeeee (8.88e, 88.8eeee) eeeee. Meeee 8e ee 88°M, 8M ee M8MM8 (88eM) eee eeeee eeeeee ee 88°M. Meeeeeeeee eeee Me8M (8×88eM), eee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeee M8M eeee eeeee (MeMM8) eeee ee eeeeeeeeeee 8-eeeeeee-8-eeeeee-8-eeeeee-8M-eeeeee. Meeeeee eeee ee 888°M eee 8eee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee (eeeeee eee, eeeeee) eeee eee eeeeeee ee ee eee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%).

Meeee 8-[8-Meeeeeeee-8M-eeeee-8-ee]-8-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (8888); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌8888‌]

8-(Meeeeeeee)-M,M-eeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (8.88e, 88.8eeee), eeeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (8.88e, 88.8eeee), eee eeeeeee (88eM) eeee eeeeee ee eeeeee eeeee M8 eee 8.8e. Me eee eeeeee eeeeeee, MMMe8 (888eM) eee eeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee 88% ee MMe (8×88eM), M8M (88eM), 8% ee MMM (8×88eM), M8M (88eM), eee eeeee, eeee eeeee (Me8MM8) eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeee ee ee eee; eeeee: 88.8e (88%).

8M-Meeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee (8888); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌88‌]

M eeeeeee ee M,M,M-eeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee (88e, 8.8eee) eee MeMM (88.8e (8.8eee) eeeeeeeee ee M8M (888eM) eee eeeeee eee 8e ee 8888°M. M eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee Me8MM8, eeee Me8M eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeee eee; eeeee: 88.8e (888%); eeee eee eeeeeeeee ee 888°M eee 8.8Meee ee eeee eee eeeeeee; ee (eeeeeee) 888888°M.

8-(8-Meeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee (8888, Me=MM8MM8); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌8888‌]

M,M-Meeeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee MeM (8.8 eeeee) ee eeeeeee ee ee eee 8e ee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee e eeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee. 8M MMMM ee MMM (8.8 eeeee) eee eeeeeeee eeee e eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eee MeMM8 ee MMM eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeee ee ee eee 8e. Meeee eeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee; eeeee: 88%; ee 8888°M.

8-Meeeee-8-eeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee (8888); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌888‌]

Me MMM (88eM) eee eeeee MeMM8 (8 eeeeeee, 88eeee) ee 8°M eeee 88eee. Meee, 8-eeeeee-8-eeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeee (8888; 8.8e, 8.8eeee) eeeeeeeee ee MM8Me8 (88eM) eee eeeee eee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeee M8M (88eM) eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee MeMM ee 8°M, eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee, eeee ee-eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeee MM8Me8 eeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eee, eeeeee/MM8Me8 8:8), eee eeeeeee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); ee 8888°M.

References


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