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17.4.1.3.1 Method 1: By Dehydrohalogenation

DOI: 10.1055/sos-SD-017-00971

von Angerer, S.Science of Synthesis, (200417640.

Numerous examples have been described for the base-catalyzed elimination of hydrogen bromide from the 3,4-dibromo-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes 76 (Scheme 22), the bases used comprise sodium methoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene, and 1,8-diazobicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene.[‌1‌,‌11‌,‌13‌,‌45‌,‌102‌‌110‌] The reaction products are usually obtained as mixtures of the substituted oxepins 77 and the respective benzene oxides 78. In some cases substituents are modified in the course of the dehydrohalogenation reaction,[‌109‌] or in a subsequent step. For example, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxepin (77, R1=R3=CH2OH; R2=R4=H) is obtained by this route and then converted into the 2,7-di­aldehyde 78 (R1=R3=CHO; R2=R4=H) by treatment with manganese(IV) oxide.[‌18‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeee/Meeeeee Meeee Meeeeeee eeee ­8,8-Meeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeee[‌8‌,‌88‌,‌88‌,‌88‌,‌88‌,‌888‌‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 M8 M8 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee Meeeee (%) ee 88/88 eee (°M) Mee
M M M M MMM 88 88/88Meee [‌8‌]
M M M M MeMMe, Me8M 88 e.e. [‌88‌,‌88‌]
M M Me M e-MeMM, MMM, 88°M, 88eee e.e. e.e. [‌888‌]
Me M M M e-MeMM, MMM, M8, ee 88 88/88Meee [‌88‌]
Me M M M MMM e.e. 88/8.8Meee [‌88‌]
M Me Me M MeMMe e.e.e e.e. [‌88‌]
Me M Me M e-MeMM, Me8M, 8°M 88 8888/8Meee [‌888‌]
Me M M Me MeMMe, Me8M, eeeeee, 8e 88e 88/88Meee [‌88‌]
Me M M Me e-MeMM, Me8M, 8°M 8888 88/88Meee [‌8‌,‌888‌,‌888‌]
Me M M MM8Me MMM, MMM, M8, 8°M, 8e 88 8888/8.8Meee [‌888‌]
M Me M MM8Me MMM, MMM, M8, 8°M, 8e 88 8888/8.88Meee [‌888‌]
MM M M M MMM, Me8M, M8, ee, 8e 88 e [‌888‌]
MMM M M M MMM, Me8M, 88e 88e e.e. [‌888‌]
M M M MM8Me MMM, MMM, M8, 8°M, 8e 88 8888/8.88Meee [‌888‌]
M M M MM8-e-Me MMM, MMM, M8, 8°M, 8e 88 8888/8.888Meee [‌888‌]
M MM=MM8 M M e-MeMM, Me8M, 88°M, 88eee 88e eee [‌888‌]
MM=MM8 M M M e-MeMM, Me8M, 88°M, 88eee 88e eee [‌888‌]
MM8MM M M MM8MM 8. Me8M, eeeeeeee 8. MMM 88e 8888/8.88Meee (eeeeeeeee) [‌88‌]
M M M MMM MMM, MMM e.e.e e.e. [‌888‌]
Me M M MMM MMM, MMM e.e.e e.e. [‌888‌]
M Me M MMM MMM, MMM e.e.e e.e. [‌888‌]

e e.e.=eee eeeeeeee.

e Meeeeeee.

e Meeee eeeee < 8%.

e ee 8888°M (eeeeeee).

e MMM eee eeeeeeeee.

e Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee MM8MM8Me eeee eeeee.

e Meeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee.

e Meeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.

Mee eeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeee 88 eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeee-8-eeee 88, eee eeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee 88 eee 88 ee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌8‌,‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeee ee 8-Meeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeee-8-eeee eeee Meeeee/Meeee Meeee Meeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeee eee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌8‌,‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 M8 Meeeeeeeee Meeee (%) 88/88 Mee
MMM M M 8. Me8, MMMe8, 88°M 8. 8,8-eee(eeeeeeeeeee)eeeeee, MMe8, ee, 8e 8. MMM, Me8M, M8, ee, 88e 88e [‌888‌]
MM8MM M M 8. MMMMe, Me8M, MMM, M8, ee, 8e 8. Me8, MMe8, 8°M 8. MMM, Me8M, 8°M 8. MM, MeMM, 8°M, 8e e [‌888‌]
M MM=MMMM8Me M 8. Me8 8. MMM, Me8M, M8, ee, 8e 88 [‌888‌]
Me M Me 8. Me8 8. e-MeMM, Me8M, 8°M 88 [‌8‌]

e Meeee eee eeeeeeee.

e M8 ee eeee eeeeeee ee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee.

M eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee-eeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeee 88 eeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeee eee 8,8-eeee.[‌88‌,‌888‌] Meeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeee 88 eeee eee eeeeeee 88, eee ee e eeeeeee eeeeeeee 88,88-eeeeeee-88-eeeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeeeeee (88), eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee 88, ee eeeeeeeee eeee 88-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeeee-8(88),88,88-eeeeee (88, e=8) ee 88% eeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee 8,8-Meeeee-Meeeeee Meeeeee[‌88‌,‌888‌,‌888‌]

Mee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee 88-eeeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeee-88-eee-88,88-eeeeeeeeeeeee (88) eeee eee eeeeee 88 (eee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee Meeeee 88 ) eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee. M-Meeeeeeeeee­eeeee ee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeee ee eee eeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee 88 (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee 88-Meeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeeee-8(88),88,88-eeeeee-88,88-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeee 88-Meeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeeee-88-eee-88,88-eeeeeeeeeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee 8,88-eeeee[88]eeeeeeee (88) eeee 8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeee-8e,8e-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88) (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌‌888‌] Mee eeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeee (88) eeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee 88 eeee eeee.[‌888‌,‌888‌] 8,88-Meeee[88]eeeeeeee (88) eee ee eeeeeeeeee ee e 8,8-eeeeeeeee-eeeeeee eeeeee.

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee 8,88-Meeee[88]eeeeeeee[‌888‌‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

Meeeeeeeee Meeee (%) ee 88 ee (°M) Meeee (%) ee 88 ee (°M/Meee) Mee
e-MeMM, Me8M, 88°M 88 8888 8 [‌888‌]
MMM, MeMM, 8888°M, 88eee 88 8888 (eeee.) 88 88/8.8 [‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeee 88 eee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eee ee eee eee M=M eeeee; eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee 88 eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee 88, eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee 88 eee 88 (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌,‌888‌‌888‌] Mee eeeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee 8,8-eeeee eeeeeeee eeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeee eee 8,8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 Meeeeeee, Meee 8 Meeeeeee eee Meeeeeeeee, Meee 8 Meee, Meee 8 Meeee (%) ee 88 eee (°M) Mee
M M Me8 MMMMM, MMMe8, eeeeee, 88e MMM 88 e.e.e [‌888‌]
M MM8Me Me8, MMe8 MM8MM8M, MM8Me8, Me8MMM8 MMM, Me8M 88 8888e [‌888‌]
M MM8Me Me8, MMe8 MM8MM8M, MM8Me8, Me8MMM8 MMM, Me8M 88 e.e. [‌888‌]
M MMMM8 Me8, MMMe8 MM8MM8M, MM8Me8, Me8MMM8 MMM, MMM 88 88.888 [‌888‌]
M MMMMe8 Me8, MMMe8 MM8MM8M, MM8Me8, Me8MMM8 MMM, MMM 88 eee [‌888‌]
Me Me Me8 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee, MM8Me8 MMM, MMM, 8°M 88 888.8888e [‌888‌]

e e.e.=eee eeeeeeee.

e Meeeee, eee eeeeeeeee.

e Meeeeeeeee (eeee eeee).

e Meee eeeeee.

8-Meeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeee-8-eeee 88 eeee e eeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee M8(M8) eee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee 888 ee eeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeee, eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee-eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌88‌,‌888‌‌888‌] Meeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee 888 eee eeeeeee eeeeee 888, eee ee eee eeee ee eeee-eeeee 8-eeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeee-8-eee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (88, M8=MM8-e-Me; M=Me; M=M) eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeee.[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee 8(8)-Meeee-8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeee-8-eeee[‌88‌,‌888‌‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 M M Meeeeeeeee Meeee (%) ee 888/888 Mee
MM8-e-Me M Me M Me8M, 88°M, 88e 88e [‌888‌]
MM8MMM M M/Me Me/M Me8M, 88°M, 88e 88e [‌888‌]
M Me Me M e-MeMM e [‌88‌]

e Meeee eee eeeeeeee.

e Mee eeeee eeeee 888 (M8=MM8-e-Me; M8=M) eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee (ee 8888°M).

e ee 8888°M/8.8Meee; eeeeeeeeee ee ee MeMM eeee eee eeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee: ee 8888°M (eeeeee).

8,88-Meeee[88]eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeee eeee. Meee eee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee, eee eeeeeee 888 eee eeeeeeeeee 888 eeeeeee ee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee-eeeeeeee eeee 8-eeeee-8,88-eeeee[88]eeeeeeee (888) eee 8,8-eeeeeee-8,88-eeeee[88]eeeeeeee (888), eeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeee-Meeeeeeeeee 8,88-Meeee[88]eeeeeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee

8-Meeeeeeeeeee/Meeeeee 8,8-Meeeeee (88/88, M8=Me; M8=M8=M8=M):[‌88‌]

eeee-MeMM (888ee, 8.8eeee) eee eeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeee ee 8,8-eeeeeee-8,8-eeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (888ee, 8.88eeee) ee eee MMM (88eM) eeeee M8. Mee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeee ee eeeee, eee e eeeeeeeeeee ee MMe eeeeee. Meeee eeeeeeee eee 88eee, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee MMe, eeeee eee eeeeee eeee Me8M. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee (Meeeeeeee) ee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee (88°M eeee eeeeeeeeeee). Mee eeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeee eeeeee eeeeee; eeeee: 888ee (88%).

8,8-Meeeeeeeeeeeee (88, M8=M8=Me; M8=M8=M); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌88‌]

M eeee ee 8,8-eeeeeee-8,8-eeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88e, 88eeee) ee Me8M (88eM) eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeee ee MeMMe (88e, 888eeee) ee eeeeeee Me8M (88eM). Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eee 8e. Meeee eeeeeee eeee eee, M8M (88eM) eee eeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee M8M (8×88eM). Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee Me8M (88eM), eee eee eeeeeee eeeee eee eee Me8M eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee, eeeee (MeMM8), eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee e 88-ee Meeeeee eeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee (88Meee) ee eeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeee eeeeee; eeeee: 8.8e (88%); ee 8888.8°M/88Meee; eM88 8.8888.

8,88-Meeee[88]eeeeeeee (88) eee 8-Meeeeeeeee (88):[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeee-8e,8e-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (8.8e, 8.888eee) eee eeeee ee e eeee ee MMM (88e, 8.88eee) ee MeMM (888eM). Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee 8888°M (eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee) eee 88eee. M eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee, eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee MMe. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eee eee MMe eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee M8M eee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee Me8M eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee e eeeeee eee (8.8e) eeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee 88 eee 8-eeeeeeeeee (88). Me eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee [eeeeeee Meeee M-88 (888e), eeeeeee/Me8M 88:8]. 8-Meeeeeeeee (88), eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee 88 eee 88, eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee 88 eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee. 8-Meeeeeeeee (88) eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); eeeeeeeeee ee e eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee 88°M/8.8Meee; eM88 8.8888. Meee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee 8 eeeee. 8,88-Meeee[88]eeeeeeee (88) eee eeeeee ee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); ee 8888°M (eeeeeee).

Meeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (88, M8=M; M8=MMMM8):[‌888‌]

Me8 (88e, 8.88eee) eee eeeee eeeeeeee eeee 8e ee e eeee ee eeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (88.8e, 8.88eee) ee MMMe8 (888eM) ee 88°M. Mee eeee eee eeeeeee ee eeee ee ee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee; eeeee: 8.8e (888%); ee 888888°M (MMMe8).

MM8MM8M, eeeeeeee eeee MMMM (88e, 8.88eee) eee 88% M8M8 (88.8e, 8.88eee), eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee ee ee eee eeeeeeeee (88.8e, 88eeee) ee MM8Me8 (8M) eeeeeeeeee Me8MMM8 (888e). Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eee 88e, eeeeee, eee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee 8M Me8MM8 (888eM) eee 8M Me8MM8 (888eM). Mee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeee (MeMM8), eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee 88e (88%) ee 8,8-eeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee; ee 888888°M (MeMMe/eeeeeeeee eeeee).

M eeee ee MMM (8.88e, 8.8eeee) ee MMM (88eM) eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeee ee 8,8-eeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (8.88e, 8.8eeee) ee MMM (88eM) ee 8°M. Mee eee eeee eee eeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee e eeeeee eee. Meeeeeeeeee MMM (eeeeee eee, Me8M/MeMMe 8:8; Me 8.8) ee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeee; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); ee 88.888°M.

Meeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee Meee (888, M8=MM8M; M8=M):[‌888‌]

Me e eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeee[8.8.8]eeee-8-eee-8-eeeeeeeeeee (8.88e, 88.8eeee) ee MMe8 (88eM) eee eeeee MMM (8.88e, 88.8eeee) eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee 8.8e. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeee, eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee e eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee. Meee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee Me8M (88eM), Me8M (8.88e, 88eeee) eee eeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee ee. M eeeeeeeeeee ee Me8MMMe eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eee Me8M eee eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee e eee-eeeee eee eeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee. Mee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee e eee-eeeeee eee, eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee 888 [M8=MM8MMM; M8=M)]; eeeee: 8.88e (88%); ee 8888°M/8.8Meee.

Me e eeee ee 888 (M8=MM8MMM; M8=M; 8.8e, 8eeee) ee MMe8 (8eM) eee eeeee M8M (88 µM) eee MeMM (88 µM). Mee eeeeeee eee eeee ee ee eee 88eee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeee; eeeee: 8.88e (888%); ee 8888°M (eeeeee).

References


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