Science of Synthesis

Yan, L.; Lin, S.; Liu, P., Science of Synthesis, (2007) 20, 739.

The electrochemical oxidation of aldehydes to the corresponding esters is both simple and convenient. Two systems (using either undivided cells[‌42‌] or divided cells[‌43‌]) are in use employing iodine or bromine, generated in situ, as the oxidant (‌Scheme 16‌).

‌Meeeee 88‌ Mee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeee ee eee Meeeeeee ee e Meeeeeeee Meeeee[‌88‌,‌88‌]

Me ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee, e eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee e eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeee-8-ee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ‌88‌ (‌Meeee 8‌, eeeeeee 8–8). Meeeeee, ee eeeee-8-ee eee e eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeee eeee ee eeeeeee eee ee e eee-eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eee ee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eee eeeee-8-ee. Meeeeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeee ee ee eeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee (e.e., eeeeeee 8 eee 8). Meee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeee ee eeee eeeeee eee eeeee-eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee, ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee.[‌88‌]

Meeeee, eeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, ee eeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeee eeeeee, eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee, ee e eeeeee eeee, eee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee α-eeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeee, eeee eeeeee eeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeee (eeeeeee 8 eee 8).

‌Meeee 8‌ Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌88‌,‌88‌]

Meeee	M8	M8	Meeeeeee	Meeeeeeeeee Meeeee (M·eee−8)	Meeeee (%)	Mee
8	(MM8)8Me	Me	MMe	8.8	88	[‌88‌]
8	Me	Me	MM	8	888	[‌88‌]
8	Me	Me	MM	8.8	88	[‌88‌]
8		Me	MM	8.8	88	[‌88‌]
8		Me	MM	8.8	88	[‌88‌]
8	8-MeMM8M8	Me	MM/MeMMe	8.8	88e	[‌88‌]
8	8-M8MM8M8	Me	MM/MeMMe	8.8	88e	[‌88‌]

e Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee.

e Meeeeee eeee.

Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee

Meeeee Meeeeeeee [‌88‌, M8 = (MM8)8Me; M8 = Me]; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeee ee Meeeeeeee Meee:[‌88‌]

Meeeeee (8 eeee) ee MeMM (88 eM) eeeeeeeeee MMe (8 eeee) eee eeeeee ee e eeee eeeeeeee eeee e Me eeeee eeeee (88 ee × 88 ee) eee e eeeeee eee eeeeeee (8 ee e.e.). Mee eeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eee eeee. Meeee 8.8 M·eee−8 ee eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee 8.8 M (eeee eeeeeee ee. 88 M) eee eeee eeeeee eeeeeee eee eeee eeee eee eeeeee ee 8.8 e, eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee. M8M eee eeeee ee eee eeeeeee eee eee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee MM8Me8 (8 × 88 eM). Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeee (MeMM8) eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeee eeeee, eeeee eee eeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee; eeeee: 88%.

Meeeeeeeee Meee Meeeee ‌88‌; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeee e Meeeeee Meee:[‌88‌]

M eeee ee eee eeeeeeee (88 eeee) eee MM (8 eeee) ee MeMM (88 eM) eeeeeeeeee MeMMe (88 eeee) eeee eeeeee eeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeee. Mee eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee MeMM eee MeMMe eeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee 8.8 M (eeee eeeeeee ee. 88 M) eeeeeee eee eeee, eeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee e Me eeeee. Meeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eee eee eeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeee M8M. Mee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee (MMM) eee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eee. ee MeMMM8 (88 eM), eeeeeee eeee M8M, eee eeeeeeeee eeee Me8M (8 × 88 eM). Mee eeeeeeee Me8M eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeee M8M (88 eM), eeeee (Me8MM8), eee eeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee.

References