Navigation

0 Hits

  • Previous / Next

You are using Science Of Synthesis as a Guest.
Please login to access the full content or check if you have access via
20.5.1.5.2 Method 2: Hydroesterification with Carbon Monoxide (Reppe Carbonylation)

DOI: 10.1055/sos-SD-020-00743

Evano, G.Science of Synthesis, (200720797.

Hydroesterification of alkenes (Scheme 2), sometimes also called alkoxycarbonylation or hydroalkoxycarbonylation, is a reaction of great industrial importance, and, owing to major improvements in procedures, is of interest from a synthetic point of view. A large number of reviews as well as book chapters dealing with various aspects (mechanism, catalysts, effects of temperature, pressure, etc.) of the Reppe carbonylation have been published. Much valuable information can be found in these publications.[‌6‌‌8‌] Concerning the catalysts used in the reaction, a wide variety of metals and ligands can be employed and only the most significant ones are reported in this section.

Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee eeee Meeeee Meeeeeee[‌8‌‌8‌]

Mee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(8) ee eee eeeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee ee eee eeee eeeeeeee. Meeee Meeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeee ee eeeee 888 eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee ee eeee, eeeeeeeee, eeeeee, eeeeeee, eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee. Meeee eeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeee, eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeee eeee.

Meeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee (888888°M) eee eeee eeeeeeeee (8888 MMe). Meee eeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(8) eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee ee eeee eeeeee. Me eeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeee eeeee eee eeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eee. Me eeeeeeee, ee eeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee (Meeee 8).[‌8‌‌88‌]

Meeee 8 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeee Meeeee Meeeeeeee[‌8‌‌88‌]

M8 Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeee ­(Meeeee/Meeeeeee) Meeee (%) Mee
Me Me8(MM)8 888°M, 88 MMe e.e. e [‌8‌]
(MM8)8Me Me8(MM)8, MMM 888°M, 88 MMe 88:88 88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8Me Me8(MM)8, 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee 888°M, 88 MMe e.e. 88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8Me Me8(MM)8, eeeeeeee 888°M, 8 MMe 88:88 88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8Me MeM(MM)8 888°M, 88 MMe e.e. 88 [‌88‌]

e e.e.=eee eeeeeeee.

e Meeee eee eeeeeeee.

Meeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeee 8 (Meeeee 8). Mee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee 8 ee eeee eeeeee eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee 8. Meeee eee eee eeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeee(MM)eee(MM) eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee ee eeee eeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee ee ee >88%.[‌88‌]

Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeee Meeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeee(MM)Mee(MM) Meeeeeee[‌88‌]

Meeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeee eeee eeeee e eeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee eee eee 8888'e ee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee.[‌8‌,‌88‌]

Meeeeeeee(MM) eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee(MM) eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee ee eeee eeee eeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee-8-eee ee eeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (8) (Meeeee 8).[‌88‌,‌88‌]

Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeee Meeeeeeee(MM) MeeeeeeeMeeeee(MM) Meeeeeee[‌88‌,‌88‌]

Mee eeeee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeee ee eee eeeeee, ee eeeee ee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeee 8 eee 88 eeee eeeeeeeee eeee 8,8-M-eeeeeeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeee-8,8-eee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeee (Meee) ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee Meeee 8).[‌88‌]

Meeee 8 Meeeee ee Meeeee ee eee Meeeeeeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee[‌88‌]

M8 Meeeeeee Meeee (8/88) Mee
Me MeMe8(MMe8)8 88:88 [‌88‌]
Me MeMe8, Meee 88:88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8Me MeMe8(MMe8)8 88:88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8Me MeMe8, Meee 88:88 [‌88‌]
Me MeMe8(MMe8)8 8:888 [‌88‌]
Me MeMe8, Meee 88:88 [‌88‌]

Me eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, eeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee. M eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee Meeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee-eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee(MM) eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee 88 eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(MM). Meeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee(MM) eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(MM) eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee 88 eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 8).[‌88‌] Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88) eee eeee ee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee. Me eeeeeeee ee Meeeee 8, eeee eeeee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee 88 ee eee-8-eee (88) eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee.

Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeee Meeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee(MM) eee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(MM)[‌88‌]

Meee(eeeeeee)eee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee(MM) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eeee 8,8-eee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeee eee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee, eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee, ee eeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88) (Meeeee 8). Mee eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeee-8-ee eeee eeeee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌]

Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeee Meee(eeeeeee)eee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee(MM) Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌88‌]

Me eeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeee eeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee eeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeee, eee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee e eeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeee. Mee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee(MM) eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Me eee eeeee ee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee, ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee e eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee 88, eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee 88 ee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 8).[‌88‌] Meeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee, eee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌88‌]

Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeee Meeee Meeeeeeee(MM) Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeeeeeee[‌88‌]

Mee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee 8888 eee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88) eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee­eeeeeeeeeeee(8).[‌88‌] Mee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee (888888°M, 8888Meee MM). Mee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee 88 ee eee eeeee eeeeeee (Meeee 8). Meee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee.

Meeee 8 Meeeeeeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee Meeee ­Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(8)[‌88‌]

M8 M8 M8 Meeeeeeeeee (Meeeee/Meeeeeee) Meeee (%) Mee
Me M M 88:88 88 [‌88‌]
Me M M 88:8 88 [‌88‌]
e-Me M M >88:<8 88 [‌88‌]
MM8MMM M M 88:88 88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8MMe M M 88:88 88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8Me M M 88:88 88 [‌88‌]
Me M M 88:88 88 [‌88‌]
Me M Me >88:<8 88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8 M 88 [‌88‌]
(MM8)8 M 88 [‌88‌]

Meeeeeee ee eee eeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee e eee eeeee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee. Meeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeee eeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeee. Meee e eeeeee eeee eee eeee eeee ee eee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, e eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee ee ee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 8).[‌88‌‌88‌]

Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee[‌88‌‌88‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee

8-Meeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeee (88, M8=Me); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌88‌]

MMMMMMM: Meeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee ee e eeee.

8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeee (888ee, 8eeee), eee-8-eee (888ee, 8eeee), Me8(MM)88 (88ee, 8.88eeee), eee eeeeeee (8eM) eeee eeeeee ee e 88-eM eeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeee M8. Mee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee MM (8 × 88 eee). Meeeeee, ee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee 8 eee. Mee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee ee ee eee eeee ee 888°M eee 88e, eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee. MM eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eee, Me8M/eeeeeee 8:8) ee eeee ee eeee eee eeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eee; eeeee: 888ee (88%).

References


Cookie-Einstellungen