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28.10.3.1.2.1.3 Variation 3: Condensation of Phenanthrene-9,10-diones with Iminohydrazides, Sulfanamide, Thiosemicarbazide, Semicarbazide, or Aminoguanidines

DOI: 10.1055/sos-SD-028-00690

Avendaño, C.; Menéndez, J. C.Science of Synthesis, (200628790.

The reaction between phenanthrene-9,10-dione and 3-nitrobenzimidic acid hydrazide gives the fused 1,2,4-triazine 189.[‌148‌] Similarly, treatment of the same dione with sulfanamide in the presence of an acid gives the fused 1,2,5-thiadiazole 1,1-dioxide 190 (Scheme 65).[‌149‌] This last product and its analogues are useful since pyrolysis gives aromatic dinitriles (e.g., 2,2-biphenyldicarbonitrile is obtained by heating 190).[‌150‌] On the other hand, treatment of phenanthrene-9,10-diones with semicarbazide or thiosemicarbazide can be controlled to give the corresponding (thio)semicarbazones (single condensation) or phenanthrene-fused triazines (double condensation). For instance, the dibromophenanthrenequinone 191 gives the tricyclic compound 192.[‌151‌] Aminoguanidines also condense with phenanthrene-9,10-diones in the presence of an acid to give fused 1,2,4-triazines such as 193 (Scheme 65).[‌151‌] However, phenanthrene-9,10-dione and semicarbazide hydrochloride in the presence of acetic acid react to give the monosemicarbazone 194 (Scheme 65).[‌152‌]

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