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Adolfsson, H., Science of Synthesis, (2008) 37, 241.
Group 6 metals display diverse characteristics when used as reagents or catalysts for the formation of epoxides. Epoxidation systems based on molybdenum and tungsten catalysts have been extensively studied for more than 40 years. The typical catalysts, oxomolybdenum(VI) or oxotungsten(VI) species do, however, behave rather differently, depending upon whether anionic or neutral complexes are employed. Whereas the anionic catalysts, especially the use of tungstates under phase-transfer conditions, are able to efficiently activate aqueous hydrogen peroxide for the formation of epoxides, neutral molybdenum or tungsten complexes do react with hydrogen peroxide, although better selectivities are often achieved using organic hydroperoxides (e.g., tert-butyl hydroperoxide) as terminal oxidants.[35,51]
References
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