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1.2.1.6.4 Coupling in Tandem Processes

DOI: 10.1055/sos-SD-210-00132

Yoo, W.-J.; Zhao, L.; Li, C.-J.Science of Synthesis: Multicomponent Reactions, (20141203.

The ability to incorporate the A3-coupling reaction into multicomponent tandem processes provides the means to rapidly access compounds of greater molecular complexity. Propargyl amines derived from A3-coupling possess multiple reactive sites that can be exploited for further functionalization (Scheme 15). In addition, the multitude of catalysts available for A3-coupling increases the possibility of further functional transformations.

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeee Meeee ee Meeeeeeee Meeeee

Meee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee M8-eeeeeeee eeee eee ee eee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeee eeeeeee ee eeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eee ee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eee e eeeeeeeeee M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee–eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee 88 (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌] Me eeeeeee, eee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee e eeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeee M-eeee eeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeee. Mee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee e eeeee eeee(MMM) eeeeeeee/eeeeee(M) eeeeeee eeeeee,[‌888‌] eeeee eeee(MMM) eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeee eee e Meeeeeeeee M8-Meeeeeee–Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee–Meeeeeeee Meeeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee, eee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeee-8-eeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee[8,8-e]eeeeeeeee 88 eee eeee eeeeeeeee eee ee M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌] Mee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eee-eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee.

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeee[8,8-e]eeeeeeeee eee e Meeeeeeeee M8-Meeeeeee–Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 M8 M8 M8 M8 Meeee (%) Mee
Me Me M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
8-Mee Me M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MMe Me M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MMMMMM Me M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
Me 8-MeM8M8 M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
Me 8-eeeee M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
Me 8-MeM8M8 M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
Me 8-MMM8M8 M M M M 88 [‌888‌]
Me Me M M M Me 88 [‌888‌]
Me Me M M Me M 88 [‌888‌]
Me Me M M (MMMM)8 88 [‌888‌]
Me Me (MMMM)8 M M 88 [‌888‌]

Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee-eeeee 8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee 88 ee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeee, ee eeeeeeee, eee e 8-eeeeeeeeeee eeee-eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee 88, eeeeeeee ee eeee-eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌] M eeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeee ee ee eeee-eeeeeeeee M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Me eeee eeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeee 8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeee 8M-eeeeeeeee 88 ee eeee eeeee.

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee 8,8-Meeeeee-8M-eeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee eee 8M-Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeee M8-Meeeeeee–Meeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Mee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeee (Meeeee 88). Mee eeeeeee, eee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeee[e]eeeee-8-eeeeee 88 eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Mee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeee eee e eeeeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee. M eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeee[e]eeeee-8-eeeeee 88, eeeeee eeee e eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee.[‌888‌] M eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeee eee eeeeee(MM) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeee 8-eeeeeeeeee[e]eeeee-8-eeeeee 88.[‌888‌] Me ee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeee eee eeeeee(MM) eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee eee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee-eeeeeee eeeee. Me e eeeeeee eeeeeee, e eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee(M) eeeeeeee/eeeeee(MM) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee 8-(eeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeee-8-eeeee-8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeee-8-eeeeee 88 eeeeeee ee M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eee eeeee eee eeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee 8-eeeee-8-eeeee-8M-eeeee-8-eeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee. Me eeeeeeee, eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeee.

Meeeee 88 Meeeeee M8-Meeeeeee–Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee eeee α-Meeeeeeeee-Meeeeeeeeee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee[‌888‌‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 M8 M8 M8 M8 Meeee (%) Mee
MM8MM(Me)MM M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
MMe8MMMe M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MM(Me)MM M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
(MM8)8MM M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MM(Me)MM M M M (MM8)8M(MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MM(Me)MM M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MM(Me)MM M (MMMM)8 (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MM(Me)MM M M Me (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MM(Me)MM MMe M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88M

M Meeeeeee (eee%) Meeeeeeeee Meeee (%) Mee
M MeM (88) M8MM8, MMMM, eeeeeee, 888 °M 88–88 [‌888‌]
MMM Me(MMe)8 (8), MeMe (8) MMMM, MeMM, eeeeee 88–88 [‌888‌]

Mee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee e eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee e eeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee M8-eeeeeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee e eeeeeeee eeeeee, e eeeeeeeee eeeee, eee e eeeeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee-8-eeeeee 88 (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌] Meee eeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeee ee ee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee. Me eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eee ee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee.

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee-8-eeeeee eee e Meee-Meeeeeeee M8-Meeeeeee–Meeeeeeeeee Meeeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 M8 M8 M8 Meeeeee Meeee (%) Mee
Me M M (MM8)8 M8M 88 [‌888‌]
Me M M (MM8)8 eeee 88 [‌888‌]
8-MeM8M8 M M (MM8)8 eeee 88 [‌888‌]
8-MeMM8M8 M M (MM8)8 eeee 88 [‌888‌]
Me M M (MM8)8 eeee 88 [‌888‌]
Me M M (MM8)8M(MM8)8 eeee 88 [‌888‌]
Me M M Me Me eeee 88 [‌888‌]
Me (MMMM)8 (MM8)8 eeee 88 [‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88). Mee eeeeeee ee eeee(MMM) eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeeeeeeeeee, ee ee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee e eeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeee (M8) ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee. Meee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeee, eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee 88. Me eee eeeee eeee, eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeee, eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee 88 eeee ee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee. Me eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeee-8-ee-8-ee-8-eeeeee 88 ee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee e eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Mee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee e eeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee e eeeeee eeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeee.

Meeeee 88 Meeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeee Meeee Meeee[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Mee eeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee ee eeeeeeee, ee eeeee, eee e 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee 8-(eeeeeeeeeee)-8M-eeeeeee 88 eee eeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌,‌888‌] Meeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeee, ee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeee. Me eeee eeeeee 8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeee[8,8][8,8]eeeeeeeee[8,8-e]eeeeeee 88 eee ee eeeeeeeee eee M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeee–M-eeeeeeeee[‌888‌] eee 8,8,8,8-eeeeeeeeee-8M-eeeeee[8,8-e]eeeeeee 88 eee 88 eee ee eeeeeeee eee ee M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee 8M-Meeeeee eee Meeeeeeeeee eee Meeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeee Meeeee[‌888‌‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88

M8 M8 M8 M8 M8 Meeee (%) Mee
M M M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
M M M eMe eMe 88 [‌888‌]
M M M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
M MM8Me M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
M MM8 M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
Me M M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]
M M M (MM8)8 88 [‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeee 88M

M8 M8 M8 M Meeee (%) Mee
Me M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
MMMMMMM M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
MM8MMe M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]
M M Me Me 88 [‌888‌]

Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeee 8-eeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 88 eee eeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeee(M)-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee) ee eeeeeeeee 8-(eeeeeeeeeeeee)-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌,‌888‌] Meee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeee eeeee e eeeeeeee eeeeee, ee eeeeeee, eee e 8-eeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee e eeeeee(M) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee/eeeee eeeeee eeeeee[‌888‌] eee e eeeeee(MM) eeeeeee/eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee [Me(MM8)88MM8Me] eeeeee.[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeee(M) Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee ee 8-(Meeeeeeeeeeee)-Meeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeee-eeeeeeeee M8-eeeeeeee, eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee. M eeeeee(M) eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88). Me eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee 88 eee eeeeeeee eee ee M8-eeeeeeee–M8-eeeeeeee eeeeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeeeeeeeeee, ee eee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 88 eee eeeeeeee eee ee M8-eeeeeeee–M8-eeeeeeee–[8 + 8 + 8]-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[‌888‌] Me eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee M8-eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeee-eeeeeeeee, eeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeee Meeeee Meeee e Meeeee(M) Meeeeee/Meeeeeeeee Meeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Me eeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee, e eeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeee 88 eeeeeee e eeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeee, ee eeeeeeee, ee eeeee, eee eeeeee eeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[‌888‌] Meeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeee M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeee. Me eeeeeee eeee, eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee eee e eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee–M8-eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee e eeee-8-eeeee eeee, e eeeeeee eeeee, eee ee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeee 88.[‌888‌]

Meeeee 88 Meeeee Meeeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeee-8-eeee[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee

8-Meeeee-8-(eeee-eeeeeeeeeeeeee)-8-eeeeeeeee-8-eeeeee-8,8-eeeeeee-8M-eeeeeeee (88, M8 = Me; M8 = eMe; M8 = Me); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌888‌]

8-Meeeee-8-(eeee-eeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee (88 ee, 8.88 eeee), Me(MMe)Me (8.8 ee, 8.8 µeee), eee MeMMe (8.8 ee, 8.8 µeee) eeee eeeeeeeee ee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee (8.8 eM) eeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeee. 8-Meeeeeeeeeeeee (88 µM, 8.88 eeee) eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (88 µM, 8.88 eeee) eeee eeeee ee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee 88 °M eee 8 e, eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eee, eeeeee/MeMMe 8:8) ee eeeeee eee eeeeeee; eeeee: 88.8 ee (88%).

8-Meeeeeeeee[e]eeeee-8-eeeeee 88; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeee e Meee Meeeee(M)/Meeeee(MM) Meeeee:[‌888‌]

Me eeeeeeeeeeeee (8.88 eeee), e 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (8.88 eeee), e eeeeeeeee eeeee (8.88 eeee), MMMM (8.8 eeee), Me(MMe)8 (8.8 ee, 8.888 eeee), eee MeMe (8.8 ee, 8.888 eeee) eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee MeMM (888 µM) ee e eeeee-eee eeee eeeee e M8 eeeeeeeeee. Mee eeee eee eeee eeeeee eeee e eee eeeeeeeeee e MMMM eeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeee ee 888 °M eee 8 e. Meeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeee, eee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee/MeMMe) ee eeee eee eeeeeee.

Meee-8-ee-8-ee-8-eeeeee 88; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeee eeee (8.88 eeee) eee Me8M (8.88 eeee) eeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee (8.8 eM) ee e eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee. Mee eeeee (8.8 eeee), eee eeeeeeeee (8.8 eeee), eee MeMe (8.88 eeee) eeee eeee eeeee, eee eee eeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee ee e eeeeeeeee eeeeeee (eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee: 888 °M; eeeeeee eeeee: 88 M) eee 88 eee. Mee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee e eeeee eeeeee (eeeeee eee, MeMMe/eeeeeee 8:88 ee 8:88) eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee.

8-Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eeee 88; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌888‌]

M eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeee e eeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eeee MeM (88.8 ee, 8.888 eeee). Mee eeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeee eeeeee, eeeeeee eeee MM8, eee e eeeeeee ee MM8 eee eeeeeeee. MeMM (8.88 eM), eee eeeeeeee (8.8 eeee), eee eee eeeee (8.8 eeee) eeee eeee eeeee, eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee ee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee 88 e (MMMMMMM: eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeee MM8). Mee eeeeee (8.888 eeee) eee eeee eeeee eee eee eeee eeee eee eeeeee ee ee eee eeee eee ee 88 °M eee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeee ee eeee ee ee eee eee eeeeee eeeeeee e eeee ee eeeeee eee. Mee eeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eee, eeeeee/MeMMe) ee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee.

References


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