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Faber, K.; Glueck, S. M., Science of Synthesis: Biocatalysis in Organic Synthesis, (2015) 1, 438.
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) dependent amino acid racemases (EC 5.1.1.10) from Pseudomonas putida and Aeromonas caviae show an exceptionally broad substrate tolerance (Scheme 19). Random mutagenesis using the error-prone polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, followed by site-directed mutagenesis of the amino acid racemase from P. putida IFO 12996, led to an improved racemization activity, especially for l-tryptophan, with almost full conversion (43% of d-Trp compared to 6% using the wild-type enzyme) after 24 hours.[55]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee Meeeeeee ee Meeee Meee Meeeeeeee eeee Meeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee Meeeeeeee eeeeee eeee Meeee Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee[88–88]
M8 | Meeeee ee Meeeeeeee | Meeeeeee | Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee (%) | Mee |
---|---|---|---|---|
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 888 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMM(MM8)=MM | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMe | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
Me | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMM(MM8)=MM | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
eMe | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
MM8MMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
MM8MM | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
Me | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 8 | [88] |
e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 8 | [88] | |
(M)-MM(MM)Me | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 8 | [88] |
MM8MMe | e | M. eeeeee MMMM 88888 | 8 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 888 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMM(MM8)=MM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
Me | e | M. eeeeee | 8 | [88] |
MM8MM | e | M. eeeeee | 8 | [88] |
Me | e | M. eeeeee | 8 | [88] |
eMe | e | M. eeeeee | 8 | [88] |
e | M. eeeeee | 8 | [88] | |
(MM8)8MMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 888 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
MM8MM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMM(MM8)=MM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
Me | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
eMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
MM8MM8M | e | M. eeeeee | 8 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 888 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMM(MM8)=MM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMM(MM8)=MM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8M | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
MM8MMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMMMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
Me | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MeM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
eMe | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM | e | M. eeeeee | 88 | [88] |
MM8MMMM8 | e | M. eeeeee | 8 | [88] |
(MM8)8MM8 | e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 888 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMM(MM8)=MM | e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
Me | e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
MM8MM | e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
(MM8)8MMe | e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
MM8MM | e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 88 | [88] |
eMe | e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 8 | [88] |
e | M. eeeeee MMM 88888 | 8 | [88] |
e Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee % eeeee e-eeeeee (eee M. eeeeee MMMM 88888, M. eeeeee, ee M. eeeeee MMM 88888), e-eeeeee (eee M. eeeeee), ee e-eeeeeeeee (eee M. eeeeee) ee eeeeeeee eee ee 888%.
Mee eeeeeeeee ee e-eeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeee M. eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee β-eeeeeeeeeeee ee e-eeeeee ee eeeeee, eeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee e-eeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeee (ee ee 888 e · M−8, eeeeeeeeeeeee ee 888% eee eeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee), eeeee eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee e-eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee e eeeeeee eeeeeee (Meeeee 88).[88]
Meeeee 88 Meeeeeeee ee e-Meeeeeeeee eee e Meeeeee Meeeeee Meeee ee Meeee Meee Meeeeeee eeee M. eeeeee[88]
Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee
Meeee Meeee 88; Meeeeee Meeeeeeee eee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeee eee Meeee Meee Meeeeeee eeee M. eeeeee MMM 88888:[88]
Mee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee 8.8 M MMMM/MeMM eeeeee (eM 88; 888 µM), e-eeeee eeee eeeeeeeee (8.8 M, 88 µM), MMM (8.8 eM, 888 µM), eee eeeee eeee eeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee eee ee 88 °M eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee ee 888 °M eee 8 eee, eee eeeeeeeee ee MMMM eeeeeeee.
References
[55] | Meee, M.; Meee, M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M., Meee. Meeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
[56] | Mee, M. M.; Meeeeeeee, M.; Meeee, M.; Meee, M., M. Meeeeeeee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
[57] | Meee, M.; Meeee, M., Meeeeee Meeeeee., (8888) 88, 888. |
[58] | Meeee, M.; Meee, M., Meee. Meeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeee., (8888) 88, 888. |
[59] | Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meee, M., Meeee. Meee. Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
[60] | Meeeeeee, M.-M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M.; Meee, M., Meeeeeeeee. Meee. Meeeeee., (8888) 88, 888. |