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Tanaka, K.; Shibata, Y., Science of Synthesis: Metal-Catalyzed Cyclization Reactions, (2016) 2, 265.
General Introduction
The transition-metal-catalyzed (2 + 2 + 2) cycloaddition is a useful and atom-economical method for the synthesis of substituted six-membered-ring molecules. The reaction has been extensively investigated and this research topic has been thoroughly reviewed.[1–13] Compared with the well-established transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling approach, the transition-metal-catalyzed (2 + 2 + 2)-cycloaddition approach is advantageous for the synthesis of densely substituted six-membered carbocycles and heterocycles. In the (2 + 2 + 2) cycloaddition, many different substituents can be introduced through the formation of the six-membered ring. This chapter discusses the metal-catalyzed (2 + 2 + 2) cycloaddition of not only alkynes but also heterocumulenes, alkenes, and carbonyl compounds for the synthesis of six-membered carbocycles and heterocycles. Asymmetric variants of these reactions will also be discussed. Although this chapter focuses on catalytic reactions, (2 + 2 + 2) cycloadditions mediated by stoichiometric amounts of metal complexes have also been reported.[1–13]
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Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeee-Meeee-Meeeeeeee (8 + 8 + 8) Meeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee e Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeee
Meeeee 8 Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeee-Meeee-Meeeeeeee (8 + 8 + 8) Meeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee e Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeee
References
| [1] | Meeeeeeeee-Meeee-Meeeeeee Meeeeeee Meee Meeeeeeeeeee, Meeeee, M., Me.; Meeee: Meeeeee, MM, (8888). |
| [2] | Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M., Meeeeee, (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [3] | Meeeee, M. M. M.; Meeeeee, M., Meeeeeeee, (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [4] | Meeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M., Meeeeeeee, (8888) 88, 888. |
| [5] | Meeeee, M.; Meeee, M., Meee. Mee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [6] | Meeíeeeee, M.; Méeee-Meeeeeee, M., Meee. Mee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [7] | Meeeee, M., Meee.–Meeee M., (8888) 8, 888. |
| [8] | Meeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M., Me Meeeeeee ee Meeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee, Me, M., Me.; Meeee-MMM: Meeeeeee, Meeeeee, (8888); e 888. |
| [9] | Meee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M.; Meee, M., Meeeeeeee, (8888), 8888. |
| [10] | Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeeee, M., Mee. Meeeee. Meee., (8888) 8, 8888. |
| [11] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M., Mee. Meeee. (Meeeeee, MM, M. M.), (8888) 88, 8. |
| [12] | Meeeeee, M. M.; Meeee, M., Mee. Meeee. Meeee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
| [13] | Meeee, M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M., Mee. M. Mee. Meee., (8888), 8888. |
| [14] | Meeee, M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M., Meeeee Meeeeee Mee. Meee., (8888) 888, 8. |
| [15] | Meeeeeeee, M. M. M., Mee. Meee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8. |
| [16] | Meeeeeeee, M. M. M., Meeee. Meee. Mee. Me. Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
| [17] | Meeeeeee, M., M. Meeee. Mee. Meee., Mee., (8888) 88, 888. |
| [18] | Meeeee, M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeeee, M. M. M.; Meeeeeee, M.; Meeeee, M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 888, 8888. |
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