Science of Synthesis

Jonczyk, A.; Kowalkowska, A., Science of Synthesis, (2006) 8, 1022.

Reactions of nucleophiles, including carbanions, with suitable heteroelectrophiles lead to the generation of new carbon—halogen, carbon—sulfur, or carbon—nitrogen bonds (X-philic reactions[‌172‌]).

Meeee-eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee MM eeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeee(eeeeee)eeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee, eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeee, eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeee, ee eee ee eeeeeeee.[‌888‌,‌888‌] 8-Meeeeeeeeee (eeeeeeeee 8-eeeeeee) eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (eee e eeeee eeeee),[‌888‌] eeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeee,[‌888‌] eeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee), eeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeee,[‌888‌] eee eeeeeeeeeee[‌888‌] eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee. Me eee eeeee eeee, 8-(eeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee- ee eeeeeeeee(eeeeee)eeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee M8 eeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee(eeeeee)eeeeee eeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee. Meeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Meeee-eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee (M)-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.[‌888‌]

Meeeee eeeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee–eeeeeee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] α-Meee- ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee (‌Meeeee 88‌);[‌888‌,‌888‌,‌888‌] eeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eee 8,8-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeeeee eeeeeeeeee α- eee α′-eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eee e eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌] eee Meeeeee–Mäeeeeee eeeeeeee (eee Meeeeee ‌8.8.8.8.8‌). Meeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee 8-eeeeee-8,8-eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee α-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee.[‌888‌] M eeeee-eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee-eeeee eeeeee eeeeee (8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eee) eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee (88% eeeee)[‌888‌] eee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eee eeeeee eeeeee[‌888‌] ee eeeee eeeeee eeeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌] eeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eee eeeee, eeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeee ee eee eeeeeee. Meeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee, 8-eeeee-8-eeeeee-8-(eeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee 88–88% eeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeee eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee, eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeee; eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee (ee. 88%).[‌888‌]

‌Meeeee 88‌ Meeee-Meeeeeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeee ee MM Meeee[‌888‌–‌888‌,‌888‌]

‌Meeeeeeeeee 88‌

e Mee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee ee eee eeeeeeee ee 88% ee MeMM.

e Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee.

Meeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee MM eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee. Meee eeeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee (eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee) eee eeeeeeee,[‌888‌] eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee,[‌888‌] ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee,[‌888‌] eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee,[‌888‌] eee eeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee[‌888‌] (eee Meeeeeee ‌8.8.8.8.8.8‌ eee ‌8.8.8.8.8.8‌). Meeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeee-eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee MM eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee MM eeeee eeeee eee eeee eeeeeee ee eeeee ee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Mee MM eeeee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee,[‌888‌,‌888‌] eeeeeeeeeee,[‌888‌] ee eeeeeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌] ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee; eeeeeee, eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee. Me eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee eee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee, e.e. eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeeee ee eee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee ee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeeee.[‌888‌–‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee,[‌888‌] 8-eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee,[‌888‌] eee eeeeeeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌] ee eeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee, e.e. ee eeee ‌88‌ (‌Meeeee 88‌). Meeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeee. Meee eeeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee, ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee (eeeeee eeeeeeeeee).[‌888‌]

‌Meeeee 88‌ Meeee-Meeeeeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeee ee MM Meeee eeee Meeeeeeeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeee ee MM-eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eee eee ee eeeee eeeee eeeee eeeee-eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee.[‌888‌,‌888‌] Meeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee M8 eeeee 8-eeeee-8M-eeeeeee ‌88‌ (‌Meeeee 88‌).[‌888‌] Meeeeeeee, 8,8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeee ee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeee eeeeeee.[‌888‌]

‌Meeeee 88‌ Meeee-Meeeeeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee 8-Meeee-8M-Meeeeee[‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee

Meeeee Meeeeeeeeeeeeee Meeeeee (‌88‌, M8 = Me); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌888‌]

Me e eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeee (88.8 e, 8.8 eee), MMMe8 (88 e, 8.8 eee), eee MMMMM (8.8 e, ee. 8.888 eee), 88% ee MeMM (88 eM, 8.88 eee) eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee (eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee). Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeee ee 88°M eee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee 88°M eee 8–8 e. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee M8M, eee eeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeeee eeee MMMe8, eee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeee eeee M8M, eeeee, eee eeeeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee; eeeee: 88.8 e (88%); ee 888–888°M/8 Meee; ee 88–88°M.

References

Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeee

• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88e, 888.