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DOI:
10.1055/sos-SD-010-00864
Gallagher, P. T., Science of Synthesis, (2001) 10, 707.
Formation of one N—C bond to produce carbazoles may be achieved from several starting materials, including nitrobiphenyls, azidobiphenyls, and diaminobiphenyls. Of these reactions the deoxygenation of nitrobiphenyls is uncomplicated, of wide applicability, and proceeds in excellent yields for a range of simple substituents. Similarly, the thermolytic decomposition of azidobiphenyls can be recommended; however, as most aryl azides are synthesized from nitrobiphenyls via the aminobiphenyls, redundant synthetic steps may be needlessly incurred. The Täuber synthesis is a high-yielding synthetic procedure but is limited by the availability of diaminobiphenyls.