Science of Synthesis

Cox, L. R., Science of Synthesis, (2008) 36, 127.

The homogeneous and heterogeneous transition-metal-catalyzed reduction of ketones using molecular hydrogen or a hydrogen transfer agent is a very important route to secondary alkanols. Unlike aldehyde substrates, the reduction of ketones is beset with fewer side reactions; however, side reactions associated with the need to employ a base (common for transfer hydrogenations) always need to be considered.

Mee eeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee(MM), 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee (8:8:8 eeeee), eeeeeeeeee ee Meeeee eee ee-eeeeeee, eeeeeeee eee ee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee-eeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeee ‌88‌ ee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee eeeeeee ‌88‌ eeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeee. Meeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee, eeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee, ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeee, eee eee eeeeeeee. Me eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeee, Meeeeeeee eee ee-eeeeeee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee(MMM) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee ee e eeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeee-8-ee (‌Meeeee 88‌).[‌888‌] Meeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeee(MM) eeee Meeeeeeee'e eeeeeeee [eeeeeeeeee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeee(M)] eeeee ee e eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee. M eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, Me8MeMee, eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee(MM) eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeee, ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeee,[‌888‌] eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee-eeee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeee.[‌888‌] Meeeeee, ee e eeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee, Me8MeMee eeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee.

‌Meeeee 88‌ Meeeeeeeee-Meeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeee[‌888‌,‌888‌,‌888‌]

Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee

8-Meeeeeeeee-8-ee-8-ee (‌88‌); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee:[‌888‌]

M 8.8 M eeee ee M8MMM8MM8MM8 ee eMeMM (88 μM, 8.88 eeee) eee e 8.8 M eeee ee MMM ee eMeMM (88 μM, 8.88 eeee) eeee eeeee ee eMeMM (88 eM) eeeeeeeee ee e Meeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeee ee ee eeeee eeeeee. Mee eeee eee eeee eeeeeeee (eeeee eeeeee–eeee eeeeee). Meeee MeMe8(MMe8)8 (88.8 ee, 8.88 eeee) eee eeeee eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeee (eee eeeeee–eeee eeeeee) eee eeee eeeeeeeee eee 88 eee. Meee eee eeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeeee eeee. M eeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeee-8-eeeee (88.88 e, 888 eeee) ee eMeMM (888 eM) eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee Meeeeee eeeee eee eeeeeeee (eeeee eeeeee–eeee eeeeee). Meee eee ee eeeeeee ee eee eeeeeeee eeee (8.8 eM, 8.8888 eeee; eeeeeeeee/eeeeeeee 88888:8) eeee eeeeeeeeeee ee ee eeeee-eeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee e eeeeeee eee, e eeeeeeee eeeee, eee e eee-eeeee eeee eeeeeeee ee e M8 eeeeee. Mee eeeeeee ee eee eee-eeeee eeee eee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee e eeeeee ee M8. M8 eee eeeeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeee ee 8 eee eee eeee eeeeeee ee 8 eee. Meeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeee, eee eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee 8 eee eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeee ee 88°M eee 88 e, eeeee eeeee eeee eee M8(e) eee eeeeeeeee eeeeee eee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee; eeeee: 88.8 e (88%).

References

Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeee

• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) 8/8e, 8888.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) 8/8e, 888.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) 8/8e, 888.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) 8/8e, 88.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88-8, 888.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88-8, 888.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88-8, 888.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88e, 8888.
• 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88e, 8888.