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Please login to access the full content or check if you have access via47.1.4.4.2 Variation 2: Dehydration of Alcohols Using Lewis Acids and Heterogeneous Catalysts
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Kostikov, R. R.; Khlebnikov, A. F.; Sokolov, V. V., Science of Synthesis, (2010) 47, 803.
Some heterogeneous reactions using almost stoichiometric amounts of dehydrating agents, such as anhydrous copper(II) sulfate or trifluoromethanesulfonate,[123] iron(III) chloride on silica gel,[124] or the boron trifluoride–diethyl ether complex,[125] also produce alkenes.
Meeeeeeee eeeeee(MM) eeeeeee, eeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeee ee 888–888°M eee 8 eeee, eeeeee ee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee, eeeeeeee, eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee ee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Meeeeeeeeeee eeeeee 888–888°M eeee eeee eeeee ee ee eeee eee eee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeee eeeeeeee eee 888–888°M eee eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee. Meeeee eeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee (Meeee 88).[888]
Meeee 88 Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee Meeeeeeee ee Meeeeeeee Meeeee(MM) Meeeeee[888]
| Meeeeee | Meeeeeeeee | Meeeeee(e) | Meeee (%) | Mee |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
888°M, 88 Meee, 8.8 e | |
88 | [888] |
| |
888°M, 8.8 Meee, 8 e | |
88 | [888] |
| |
888°M, 888 Meee, 8.8 e | |
88 + 8 | [888] |
| |
888°M, 888 Meee, 8 e | |
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
888°M, 888 Meee, 88 e | |
88 | [888] |
| |
888°M, 888 Meee, 8 e | |
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
888°M, 888 Meee, 8 e | |
88 | [888] |
| |
888°M, 888 Meee, 8.8 e | |
88 | [888] |
Meeeee(MM) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee eeeeeeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee eee e eeeeeee ee eeeeeeee (Meeee 88).[888] Mee eeeeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee 88% eeeeeeee eeee[8] ee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee–eeeeeeee[888] eee eeeee-8-ee, 8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee, eee eeeeeeeee-8-ee.
Meeee 88 Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee eeee Meeeee(MM) Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee[888]
| Meeeeeee Meeeeeee | Meeeeee(e) | Meeee (%) | Mee |
|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
88 + 8 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 8 | [888] |
| |
|
88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 8 | [888] |
| |
|
88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 8 | [888] |
| |
|
88–88 | [888] |
Meee(MMM) eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeee eee ee eeeeeeeee eee eeeee, eeee-eeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee >88% eeeee.[888]
M-Meeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee ee e eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee (e.e., 88 eee 88) ee eeeeeeeee eeeeee; ee eee ee eeeeeeee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeee (Meeee 88).[888] Meee eeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeee eeee eeee ee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee eee ee eee eeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee, eee eeeee ee e eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee.
Meeee 88 Meeeeeeeeeeeeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee ee Meeeeee[888]
| Meeeeeee Meeeeeee | Meeeeee(e) | Meeee (%) | Mee |
|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 | [888] |
Mee ee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee–eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee ee 88°M eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeee. Meeee eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee, eeee, eeeeeeeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeee. Meee eeeeeeeee eeeee e eeeeeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eee (88%) eee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eee (8%) eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee, eee e eeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-eee (88%) eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee (8%) eeee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee.[888] Meee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee–eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeee ee eeeeee eeeeee, eeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee eee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee, eeee ee eeeee eeee eee Meeeeee eeeeeee,[888] eeeeeee eeeeeeee–eeeeeeeeeeeee, eeeeeee eeeeeeee–eeeeeeee,[888,888] ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeee–eeeeeee.[888,888] Mee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee–eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee eeee eeee eeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeee.[888,888]
Meeeeeeeeee ee eeeeee-8-ee eee 8,8-eeeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee eeee eeeeeee ee 888°M eeeee eeeeeeee ee eee-8-eeee (88–88%) eee eee-8-eeee (88–88%).[888] Meeeeee-8-ee eee ee eeeeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeee (Me8M8, Me8M8, MeM8, MM8) ee eeee eeeee-8-eee.[888]
Meeeee (eeeeeee eeeee) ee e eeee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeeeee, eeeeeeeee, eee eeeeeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Meee eeeee-8-eee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee 88% M-eee-8-eee, 88% eee-8-eee, eee 88% M-eee-8-eee eeeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeee.[888]
Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(MMM) eeee eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeee eeeeeee (Meeee 88).[888] Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeeee eee ee eee eeee eeeeeee. Meeeeeee eeeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeeeeeee.
Meeee 88 Meeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee(MMM) Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee ee Meeeeee[888]
| Meeeeeee Meeeeeee | Meeeeee | Meeee (%) | Mee |
|---|---|---|---|
| eeeee-8-eee | eee-8-eee | 88e | [888] |
| eeeeeee-8-eee | eeeee-8-eee | 88e | [888] |
| eeeeeeeeeeeee | eeeeeeeeeee | 88e | [888] |
| eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee | eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee | 88e | [888] |
| 8-eeeeeeeeeeeee | eeeeeee | 888 | [888] |
| 8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee | 8-eeeeeeeeee-8-eee | 888 | [888] |
| 8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee | 8-eeeeeeeeee-8-eee | 88 | [888] |
| 8-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee | 8-eeeeee-8-eeeeeeeeee-8-eee | 88 | [888] |
e Meeeeee eeee ee eeeeeee.
Meee eee eeeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee-eeeee eeeeeeeee[888] eee eeee eeee ee eeeeee-eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeee ee eeeeee eeee eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeeeee eeeee-eeeeeeeee {Me8(MMe)8, [Me(η8-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee)(η8-eeeeeee)]MM8}. Meeeeee eee eeeeeeee ee eeee eeeeee (88–88%) eeee eeeeeeee-eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee.[888]
Mee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeeeeeeeee(MM) eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeee ee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eeeeeee eeee ee 88 eee 88 ee eeee eeeeee (Meeee 88).[888] Meeeeee, eeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Meeeeeeee eeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee eeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeee eeeeeeeeee.
Meeee 88 Meeeeeeeee-Meeeeeeee Meeeeeeeeee ee Meeeeeee Meeeeeee ee Meeeeee[888]
| Meeeeeee Meeeeeee | Meeeeee(e) | Meeee (%) | Mee |
|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
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88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 + 88 | [888] |
| |
|
88 | [888] |
Meeeeeeeeeee Meeeeeeee
8-Meeeeeeeeeee-8-eee (88) eee 8-Meeeeeeeeeee-8-eee (88); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeee M-Meeeeeeeeeeeeee:[888]
M-Meeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeee eeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeee M. Me e eeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee (888 ee, 8 eeee) ee eee-eeee eeeee eeeeeee (88 eM) eee eeeee eeeeee-eeeee M-eeeeeeeeeeeeeee (888 ee). Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeee eeeee, eeee eeeeeeee. Meeee 8 e, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeee ee ee eee eeeeeeee, eee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee Me8M (88 eM), eeeeee eeee eee. MeMe eeee eee M8M, eee eeeee (Me8MM8). Meeee eeeeeeeeeee ee eee eeeeeee, e eeeee, eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee 88 eee 88 ee e eeeee ee 8:8 eee eeeeeeee; eeeee: 888 ee (88%).
8-Meeeeeeeeeee-8-eee (88) eee 8-Meeeeeeeeeee-8-eee (88); Meeeeee Meeeeeeee Meeee Mee(eeeeeeeeeeeeeee)eeeeeeeeeeeeeee(MM):[888]
Me e eeee ee 8-eeeeeeeeeeeeee-8-ee (888 ee, 8 eeee) ee eeeee, eee-eeee eeeeeee (88 eM) eee eeeee MeM8(eeee)8 (88 ee, 8.8 eeee). Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeee eeeee eeeeee eeeee eeeee, eeee eeeeeeee, eeeeeeeee eee eeeeee-eeeeee eeeeeeeeee eeeeee eeee. Meeee 8 e, eee eeeeeee eee eeeeee ee ee, eee eeee ee eee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeeee eeeeeee eeeeeeee. Mee eeeeeee eee eeeeeee eeee Me8M (88 eM), eeeeee eeee MeMMM8 eeee, M8M, eee eee. MeMe eeee, eee eeee eeeee (Me8MM8). Meeee eeeeeeeeeee, e eeeee, eeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeee 88 eee 88 ee e eeeee ee 8:8 eee eeeeeeee; eeeee: 888 ee (88%).
References
| [4] | Meeee, M.; Meee, M., Meeeeeeee, (8888), 888. |
| [114] | Meeeeeee, M. M.; Meeeeee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
| [117] | Meeee, M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M., Mee. M. Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
| [119] | Meeeeeeeeee, M. M.; Meeee, M.; Meee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [123] | Meeeeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M.; Meeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
| [124] | Meeeee, M.; Meeee, M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [125] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeeee-Meeeee, M. M.; Me, M. M.; Meeee, M.-M.; Meeee, M. M.; Meeee, M. M.; Mee, M.; Meeee, M. M. M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [126] | Meeee, M.; Meeeeee, M. M.; Meeeeee, M. M.; Meeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeee, M. M., Meee. Meee. Meee, (8888) 88, 888. |
| [127] | Meeeee, M. M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [128] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeeeee, M. M., Meeeeeeeeee Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [129] | Meeeeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M., Me.; Meeeee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 88. |
| [130] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M.; Meeeeeee, M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [131] | Meeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeee, M., M. Me. Meee. Mee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [132] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [133] | Meeeeee, M. M.; Meeeeeeeeee, M. M.; Meeeeeee, M. M., M. Meeee. Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
| [134] | Meeee, M. M.; Meee, M.; Meeeee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [135] | Mee, M.; Meeeeeee, M. M., M. Mee. Meee., (8888) 88, 888. |
| [136] | Meeeeee, M., Meeeeeeeeee, (8888) 88, 8888. |
| [137] | Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M.; Meeeee, M. M., Meeee. Meeeee., (8888) 88, 88. |
Meeeeee Meeeeeeeeee
- 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88e, 888.
- 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 8e, 88.
- 8.Meeeee-Meee, (8888) M 88e8, 8888.
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