Science of Synthesis

Müller, T. J. J., Science of Synthesis: Multicomponent Reactions, (2014) 1, 21.

A reactivity-based approach to multicomponent reactions also demands addressing thermodynamic and kinetic issues of this methodology. In ‌Figure 2‌, the categorization of multicomponent reactions is based upon the mode of operation: multicomponent reactions are conducted in either a domino, sequential, or consecutive fashion. The latter modes of multicomponent reactions are one-pot sequences of steps, which can, in principle, be separated. However, in many cases the one-pot methodology is far superior to classical stepwise approaches, often as a consequence of the high reactivity of the intermediate products, which hampers their isolation. In the case of domino multicomponent reactions or multicomponent reactions containing domino steps, three different types of scenarios can be verified (‌Scheme 13‌).[‌16‌] From a thermodynamic standpoint, the involved equilibria, which enable the simultaneous presence of all reaction partners from the very beginning, are most crucial for the course of a multicomponent reaction.

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References